Magnetostrictive resonators as sensors and actuators. Magnetostrictive materials mrs bulletin cambridge core. The well known limitation of smart actuators that are based on electromagnetothermoelastic behaviors of smart materials is the complex, inputrate dependent, hysteretic behavior of the latter. Computational micromagnetics for magnetostrictive actuators.
Wang and buschvishniac devised a twodimensional micropositioner by conjugating two linear magnetostrictive actuators 5. A nonlinear physicsbased optimal control method for. Magnetostrictive actuators mas can deliver highoutput forces and can be driven at high frequencies. The magnetostrictive effect was first described in the 19th century 1842 by an english physicist james joule. The most useful one to refer to is the joule effect.
A systematic approach to calculate magnetic dynamics and magnetostriction is presented. Maillard magnetostrictive actuators compared to piezoelectric actuators. In order to investigate the possibility, a smart structure was tested for active vibration control of frame structures, in which bending moment of the columns was controlled by magnetostrictive actuators integrated into the columns. Integral feedback control of a selfsensing magnetostrictive actuator figure 1. Pdf magnetostriction occurs in the most ferromagnetic materials and leads to many effect. These characteristics make them suitable for a variety of vibration control applications. Sensors and actuators a 157 2010 185197 contents lists available at sciencedirect sensors and actuators a. Marshall space flight centers valves, actuators and ducts design and development branch developed a large scale magnetostrictive valve actuator. Richard, elizabeth holleman and david eddleman abstract.
A highly sensitive, noncontact torque sensor was developed using amorphous magnetic alloy. Fe core magnetostrictively extendscontracts under ac. Pdf magnetostrictive actuators compared to piezoelectric. The book covers the physical origin of giant magnetostriction, its manufacturing and metallurgy, and grain related processes under operation. However, the nonnegligible hysteresis and complexity of their characteristics make the design and control quite difficult. Magnetostrictive mini actuators for smart structure. Since the speed of the ultrasonic wave in the waveguide is precisely known, the time required to receive the return signal can be converted into a linear position measurement with both high accuracy and repeatability.
Find magnetostrictive linear actuators related suppliers, manufacturers, products and specifications on globalspec a trusted source of magnetostrictive linear actuators information. Actuators using innovative linear motors of this type are being developed as part of the u. Drive elements whose physical volume is considerably smaller than piezoelectric actuators for comparable mechanical characteristics and actuation travels can be developed on the basis of the magnetostrictive material tb x dy 1x fe 2 terfenol. A cantilever beam, embedded with mma and subjected to free vibration was chosen for this work. Modelling of magnetostrictive thin films, application. Computational micromagnetics plays an important role in design and control of magnetostrictive actuators. The output force of the magnetostrictive actuator versus. Magnetostrictive actuators are commonly used in precision engineering with the advantages of high resolution and fast response. Design and construction of magnetostrictive actuators magnetostrictive materials can be also used to produce an effective actuator. Giant magnetostrictive actuator gma may be a promising candidate actuator to drive an electronic controlled injector as giant. Giant magnetostrictive actuators for active vibration control article pdf available in smart materials and structures 3.
Pdf magnetostrictive actuators compared to piezoelectric actuators. This document is highly rated by civil engineering ce students and has been viewed 152 times. Development of resonators with reversible magnetostrictive effect. As the demand for actuator technologies grows in biomedical, prosthetic and orthotic applications, there is an increasing need for complex and sophisticated products that perform efficiently also when. Hence, the frequency bandwidth of the magnetostrictive actuators is mainly limited by the eddy currents. Wo2015078724a1 magnetostrictive sensor for actuators in. Highfield characterization of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuators. Pdf giant magnetostrictive actuators for active vibration. Magnetostriction occurs in the most ferromagnetic materials and leads to many effect. Magnetostrictive materials are surveyed in the context of sensor and actuator applications. Actuators are devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical work, traditionally used in electrical, pneumatic and hydraulic systems. Magnetostrictive materials can be used as both the sensors and actuators in such materials.
It consists of a terfenold bar surrounded by an electric coil. However, the nonnegligible hysteresis and complexity of their characteristics make the design and control quite difficult and has limited. The temposonics technology, based on magnetostriction, does not rely on moving parts and is not exposed to mechanical stress. Review of modeling and control of magnetostrictive actuators mdpi. The potential advantages of this technology are faster. As the demand for actuator technologies grows in biomedical, prosthetic and orthotic applications, there is an increasing need for complex and sophisticated products that perform efficiently also when scaled to micro and nano domains. This document is highly rated by students and has been viewed 243 times. Magnetostrictive materials for sensors and actuators. Review of modeling and control of magnetostrictive actuators. Wonjong kim this thesis presents the design of various closedloop realtime control of a novel linear magnetostrictive actuator. Closedloop realtime control of a novel linear magnetostrictive actuator. Mechanics based models for struts fitted with piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuators are developed, and for harmonic disturbances, a linear dynamic formulation describing the motion of the actuators is integrated with the formulation describing wave transmission through the strut. Maillard magnetostrictive actuators compared to piezoelectric actuators, proc. Constitutive relationship of magnetostrictive materials consists of a sensing and an actua.
Please contact mts for specifications that are critical to your needs. Recommended citation zhang, wei, modeling and control of magnetostrictive actuators 2005. Application of a magnetostrictive actuator sciencedirect. Figure 12a shows the typical layout of a magnetostrictive actuator. Ratedependent losses modeling for magnetostrictive actuators.
This paper investigates the feasibility of using embedded magnetostrictive mini actuators mma for smart structure applications, such as vibration suppression of beams. At moderate to high drive levels, the output from these actuators is highly nonlinear. The invention further relates to a drive system for flaps and or slats of. A model of magnetostrictive actuators for active vibration. The variation of materials magnetization due to the applied magnetic field changes the magnetostrictive strain until reaching its saturation value. Pdf design, analysis and simulation of magnetostrictive actuator. Modeling and adaptive control of magnetostrictive actuators. Magnetostrictive linearposition sensors sizing and applying magnetostrictive linearposition sensors technical paper linearposition sensors all specifications are subject to change. Design and application of magnetostrictive ms materials citeseerx. Magnetostrictive actuators play an important role in the perception of usefulness of smart materials and devices. Article in press journal of magnetism and magnetic materials 272276 2004 e1781e1782 ratedependent losses modeling for magnetostrictive actuators d.
Magnetostrictive actuators are one of the most exciting. Optimal tracking using magnetostrictive actuators operating. Thermomagnetic optimization of solenoidal magnetostrictive. Nonlinear optimal control techniques for vibration attenuation using magnetostrictive actuators william s. Smith journal of intelligent material systems and structures 2007 19. Monolithic magnetostrictive materials typically have a high electrical conductivity. The model proposed in this dissertation is a bulk model and describes the behaviour of a magnetostrictive actuator by a system with 4 states. Modeling and optimization of magnetostrictive actuator. Magnetostrictive actuators are one of the most exciting new actuator technologies available today. Mar 24, 2005 providing a comprehensive overview of actuators for novel applications, this excellent book. Presents a mechatronic approach to the design, control and integration of a range of technologies covering piezoelectric actuators, shape memory actuators, electroactive polymers, magnetostrictive actuators and electro and magnetorheological actuators.
Optimal tracking using magnetostrictive actuators operating in nonlinear and hysteretic regimes william s. Bond graphs for magnetostrictive actuators magnetostriction strain smn smnhi, tjk induced by stress tjk induced by magnetic field hi present in most ferromagnetic materials iron, nickel, cobalt, rare earths magnetostrictive strains. On the other hand, the electrostrictive actuator has much less hysteresis, i. This paper addresses the development of a nonlinear optimal control methodology for magnetostrictive actuators. A nonlinear optimal control method for magnetostrictive. Handbook of giant magnetostrictive materials contains the knowledge that a mechanical or an electrical engineer needs when considering the use of magnetostrictive materials in a construction project. The magnetostrictive actuators are solid state magnetic actuators.
The apparatus according to the invention comprises a shaft, in particular a solid or hollow shaft, for transmitting force andor torque to the actuator, wherein the shaft has a first region remanently magnetized in a first circumferential direction. A systematic approach to calculate magnetic dynamics and magnetostriction is. Despite these characteristics, magnetostrictive actuators have until now been used only where no rapid switching processes or actuation movements are required. The recent material advances in the area of magnetostriction, mainly terfenold, have created new design options for mechanical and electrical engineers alike. Magnetostrictive type torque sensor sae international. A thin strip of amorphous magnetic alloy was bonded onto the surface of the shaft, formed into a chevron shape, then the torque applied to the shaft was detected from the difference in the inductance of the d. This effect is mainly used in magnetostrictive actuators. Pdf giant magnetostrictive actuators are designed and fabricated with. This dissertation presents the development of a novel linear magnetostrictive actuator. Their applications are potentially wider than that of piezoelectric actuators because of the higher energy density and intrinsic robustness.
Magnetostrictive actuators compared to piezoelectric actuators. Mechanics based models for struts fitted with piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuators are developed, and for harmonic disturbances, a. Chapter 2 constitutive relationship of magnetostrictive. Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. Theory of operation a magnetostrictive position sensor measures the distance between. The latter effect forms the basis for the inherent sensory capability of the magnetostrictive material. The present invention relates to a device for determining a mechanical force of an actuator on a movable aircraft component. The magnetostrictive actuators are activated by magnetic field and thus are suitable for wireless or noncontact cases. Magnetostrictive actuators are one of the most exciting new. The program is an effort to use smart materials to adjust or finetune the shape of the airfoil cross section of an aircraft wing in flight, reduce aerodynamic drag, boost payload capacity, cut fuel use, and improve maneuverability. Highpower magnetostrictive actuators can deliver forces greater than 50 mpa with strains of up to 0. One of the most frequent applications of magnetostrictive actuator technology is the active structural vibration control avc. Magnetostrictive mini actuators for smart structure applications. An actuator of compact construction responds to an electrical drive signal very quickly and can produce large actuation forces.
A nonlinear optimal control method for magnetostrictive actuators. Download pdf info publication number wo2015078724a1. Pdf highfield characterization of piezoelectric and. Pdf giant magnetostrictive actuators for active vibration control. Find magnetostrictive actuator related suppliers, manufacturers, products and specifications on globalspec a trusted source of magnetostrictive actuator information. The actuators were installed in stages in the bottom part of the column of a h section. In response to a traveling magnetic field inside the terfenold element, it moves in the opposite direction with a peristaltic motion. Author links open overlay panel kewei zhang lin zhang liling fu suiqiong li huiqin chen z.
Handbook of giant magnetostrictive materials 1st edition. Design and model for the giant magnetostrictive actuator used on an. Nonlinear optimal control techniques for vibration. Smart materials and structures, volume 3, number 4. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. These actuators are designed to provide precision positioning and active control of adaptive optical surfaces such as those that are being considered for the next generation space telescope ngst. Principal structure of a magnetostrictive actuator. A magnetostrictive actuator has magnetostrictive element having a magnetostrictive, a driving rod moving in a displacement direction of the magnetostrictive element, which is connected with the magnetostrictive element and made of a ferromagnet, a solenoid coil applying magnetic field to the magnetostrictive element, which is arranged around the magnetostrictive element, an enclosure enclosing. Integral feedback control of a selfsensing magnetostrictive. Magnetomechanical coupled magnetostriction model for terfenol. Thermomagnetic optimization of solenoidal magnetostrictive actuators david c. Introduction of magnetostrictive ms technology magnetostriction ms is the change in shape of materials under the influence of an external magnetic field. The present invention relates to an apparatus for determining a mechanical force of an actuator on a movable aircraft component. This paper proposes a hybrid model for the actuation system considering the coupling of the actuator and the ampli.
Development of a novel linear magnetostrictive actuator. Despite these characteristics, magnetostrictive actuators have until now been used only where no rapid switching processes. Cryogenic magnetostrictive actuators and stepper motors. At moderate to high drive levels, the output from these actuators is highly nonlinear and contains significant magnetic and magnetomechanical hysteresis. In particular, much effort has been focused on pdf identification methods and on the inversion of pm, with the aim to obtain compensator or pseudocompensator. Review of magnetostrictive materials for structural. The magnetostrictive material used here is terfenold, an alloy of the formula tb0.
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